Both deny the projections, both identify with those projections. It primarily occurs when both partners in a relationship simultaneously project onto one another. Dual projective identification – a concept introduced by Joan Lachkar.Projective counter-identification – where the therapist unwittingly assumes the feelings and roles projected outward by the patient, to the point where they identify or unwittingly act out this role within the therapeutic setting.Acquisitive projective identification – where someone takes on the attributes of someone else – versus attributive projective identification, where someone induces someone else to become one's own projection.Various types of projective identification have been distinguished over the years: In narcissism, extremely powerful projections may take place and obliterate the distinction between self and other. In less disturbed personalities, projective identification is not only a way of getting rid of feelings but also of getting help with them. Projective identification may take place with varying degrees of intensity. The good/ideal parts of the personality may be projected, leading to dependence upon the object of identification equally it may be jealousy or envy that are projected, perhaps by the therapist into the client. Īggression may be projected, leaving the projector's personality diminished and reduced alternatively it may be desire, leaving the projector feeling asexual. Hope may be projected by a client into their therapist, when they can no longer consciously feel it themselves equally, it may be a fear of (psychic) dying which is projected. The objects ( feelings, attitudes) extruded in projective identification are of various kinds – both good and bad, ideal and abjected. This phenomenon has been noted in gaslighting (see Introjection § Gaslighting). In extreme cases, the recipient may lose any sense of their real self and become reduced to the passive carrier of outside projections as if possessed by them. Projective identification differs from the simple projection in that projective identification can become a self-fulfilling prophecy, whereby a person, believing something false about another, influences or coerces that other person to carry out that precise projection. The intonation of my voice altered became higher with the distinctly Ur-mutter quality." However, should one manage to accept and understand the projection, one will obtain much insight into the projector. One therapist, for example, describes how "I felt the progressive extrusion of his internalized mother into me, not as a theoretical construct but in actual experience. The recipient of the projection may suffer a loss of both identity and insight as they are caught up in and manipulated by the other person's fantasy. Though a difficult concept for the conscious mind to come to terms with, since its primitive nature makes its operation or interpretation seem more like magic or art than science, projective identification is nonetheless a powerful tool of interpersonal communication. Feelings which cannot be consciously accessed are defensively projected into another person in order to evoke the thoughts or feelings projected. He/she strives to find in the other, or to induce the other to become, the very embodiment of projection". Laing's words, "The one person does not use the other merely as a hook to hang projections on. While based on Freud's concept of psychological projection, projective identification represents a step beyond. In a close relationship, as between parent and child, lovers, or therapist and patient, parts of the self may, in unconscious fantasy, be forced into the other person.
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